First Cankam(Sangam) Era: 9850-5450 BCE
Early Pandyas 9850 BCE -250 CE
Second Cankam Era: 5450-1750 BCE
Early Pandyas 9850 BCE -250 CE
Early Cholas 3250 BCE -250 CE
Third Cankam Era: 1750 BCE -250 CE
Early Pandyas 9850 BCE -250 CE
Early Cholas 3250 BCE -250 CE
Early Cheras 1350 BCE -250 CE
First Civinelam Era: 250-556 CE:
Kalapparar 250-560 CE
Pallavas (76-)210-345;360-464 CE
Medieval Pandyas 420-450 CE
Pallavas (76-)210-345;360-464 CE
Medieval Pandyas 420-450 CE
Medieval Cholas 506-556 CE
Second Civinelam Era: 556-848 CE:
Pallavas 550-695;700-897 CE
Medieval Pandyas 560-640;670-735;755-765;796-911 CE
Medieval Cholas 640-755;798-843 CE
Third Civinelam Era: 848-1279 CE:
Imperial Cholas 848-1279 CE
Later Pandyas 1216-1314 CE
Kaadava Pallavas: 1216-1279 CE
Fourth Civinelam Era: 1279-1533 CE:
Vaanara Cholaraayas: 1309-1538 CE
Fifth Civinelam Era: 1538-1802 CE:
Pallavas 550-695;700-897 CE
Medieval Pandyas 560-640;670-735;755-765;796-911 CE
Medieval Cholas 640-755;798-843 CE
Third Civinelam Era: 848-1279 CE:
Imperial Cholas 848-1279 CE
Later Pandyas 1216-1314 CE
Kaadava Pallavas: 1216-1279 CE
Fourth Civinelam Era: 1279-1533 CE:
Vaanara Cholaraayas: 1309-1538 CE
Tenkasi-Tirunelveli Pandyas: 1314-1334 CE
Maavali Vaanars /Banas of Madurai: 1320-1533 CE
Madurai Sultanate: (1315-) 1330-1377 CE
First Madurai Nayaks: 1377-1451 CE
Later Madurai Nayaks: (1533-)1565-1695 (-1736) CE
Tanjavur Nayaks: (1538-)1564-1676 CE
Tanjore Marathas: 1676-1746 CE
Polygars / Paalaiyakkarar: (1573-)1695-1802
East India Company: (1639-)1802-1857
British India: 1857-1947
Republic of India: 1947-
Tanjavur Nayaks: (1538-)1564-1676 CE
Tanjore Marathas: 1676-1746 CE
Polygars / Paalaiyakkarar: (1573-)1695-1802
East India Company: (1639-)1802-1857
British India: 1857-1947
Republic of India: 1947-
Civinelam Era:
ORIENTAL:
1. Medieval and Imperial Cholas:
As feudatories/vassals of Kalabhra city states across Idaikkazhi-Kodumbalur-Pazhaiyaarai: 250-506 CE
As emperors : 506-556 CE
As Kalabhra / Pallava vassals : 556-640 CE
As emperors : 640-755 CE
As Pallava vassals/feudatories : 755-798; 843-848 CE
As kings : 848-897 CE
As emperors : 897-1218 CE
As kings : 1218-1279 CE
2. Vaanara Cholaraayas: 1309-1538 CE
3. Tanjavur Nayaks: 1564-1676 C.E.
4. Tanjore Marathas: 1676-1746 CE
SOUTH:
1. Medieval Pandyas: 420-450 CE and 560-911 CE
2. Later Free Pandyas: 1216-1314 CE
3. Tenkasi-Tirunelveli Pandyas: 1314-1334 CE.
4. Maavali Vaanars /Banas of Madurai:
1320-1533 CE
5. Madurai Sultanate: (1315-)1330-1377 CE
6. First Madurai Nayaks: 1377-1451 CE
7. Later Madurai Nayaks: (1533-)1565-1695 (1736) CE
NORTH:
1. Thondaiyar Pallavas: (76-)210-897 CE
2. Kaadava Pallavas: 1216-1279 CE
3. Arcot Nawabs: 1695-1751 CE
ORIENTAL:
1. Medieval and Imperial Cholas:
As feudatories/vassals of Kalabhra city states across Idaikkazhi-Kodumbalur-Pazhaiyaarai: 250-506 CE
As emperors : 506-556 CE
As Kalabhra / Pallava vassals : 556-640 CE
As emperors : 640-755 CE
As Pallava vassals/feudatories : 755-798; 843-848 CE
As kings : 848-897 CE
As emperors : 897-1218 CE
As kings : 1218-1279 CE
2. Vaanara Cholaraayas: 1309-1538 CE
3. Tanjavur Nayaks: 1564-1676 C.E.
4. Tanjore Marathas: 1676-1746 CE
3. Tanjavur Nayaks: 1564-1676 C.E.
4. Tanjore Marathas: 1676-1746 CE
SOUTH:
1. Medieval Pandyas: 420-450 CE and 560-911 CE
2. Later Free Pandyas: 1216-1314 CE
3. Tenkasi-Tirunelveli Pandyas: 1314-1334 CE.
4. Maavali Vaanars /Banas of Madurai:
1320-1533 CE
5. Madurai Sultanate: (1315-)1330-1377 CE
6. First Madurai Nayaks: 1377-1451 CE
7. Later Madurai Nayaks: (1533-)1565-1695 (1736) CE
NORTH:
1. Thondaiyar Pallavas: (76-)210-897 CE
2. Kaadava Pallavas: 1216-1279 CE
3. Arcot Nawabs: 1695-1751 CE
